Visitors walk past a painting depicting the Sept. 9, 1945, surrender of Japanese forces in China Monday, Sept. 9, 2005 at an exhibition of the 60th anniversary of the anti-Japanese war victory in Shanghai, China.

President Hu Jintao called on Japanese leaders last week to turn recent apologies for wartime aggression into unspecified actions as Beijing marked the 60th anniversary of Tokyo's surrender at the end of World War II.